Influence of the political changes of September 9, 1944 on the women of the small Bulgarian town in their role as mothers and educators in the period from the middle of the 20th century to 1989

(Following the example of the town of Panagyurishte)

Abstract

The state emancipation that took place in Bulgaria after the political changes of September 1944 and with the adoption of the Constitution of 1947, forced Bulgarian women to work a standard working day, while at the same time continuing to fulfill their most important role of mothers and educators. This leads to changes in daily practices, especially in the first years after the political changes. Important for dealing with this double workload are the childcare facilities provided by the state, which takes over part of the care for the children during the time when the women are at work. However, the primary responsibility and commitment in raising children remains with their mothers. The requirement for active participation in the labor market requires changes in the lifestyle of women in all settlements in the country. To trace the mechanisms and new practices with which women from small Bulgarian town deal with the new requirements for inclusion in public life imposed by the State, the present study analyzes the results of an ethnological field practice and conducted semi-structured interviews (autobiographical and biographical method) of residents from the city of Panagyurishte whose active life spanned the period from the middle of the 20th century to 1989.

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