Of the dystopian-utopian and the genre of dystopia-utopia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60056/CCL.2024..22-44

Keywords:

dystopia, utopia, Plato’s Republic, Nabokov’s Bend Sinister, Tolstoy’s Resurrection

Abstract

The essay presents two ideas. First, the philosophical-aesthetic category of the dystopian-utopian is the basis of the literary-philosophical genre of dystopia-utopia in classical socio-political works. And second, it outlines some features of the genres dystopia utopia and dystopia. The first idea is derived from European critical philosophy. The second is based on Plato, mostly on the Republic, a work that serves as a starting point for the analysis of the dystopia-utopia and dystopia genres. Classical and more recent works, some of which have not been examined as dystopia-utopia, illustrate these theoretical ideas. The essay pays particular attention to the novels Resurrection by Tolstoy and Bend Sinister by Nabokov.

Author Biography

  • Nikita Nankov

    Nikita Nankov is a comparativist whose interests encompass literature, critical theory, philosophy, and the visual arts. He has published books and papers in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, Croatia, and Bulgaria. He has also authored books of poetry and fiction.

References

Chernyshevskiĭ, N. G. (1939-1953). Polnoe sobranie sochineniĭ v 15 tomakh. Goslitizdat.

Chekhov, A. P. (1974-1982). Polnoe sobranie sochineniĭ i pisem v 30 tomakh. Nauka.

Nabokov, V. (2009). Dar. Izdatel’skaia Gruppa “Azbuka-klassika”.

Tolstoĭ, L. N. (1935-1958). Polnoe sobranie sochineniĭ L. N. Tolstoĭ v 90 tomakh. Gosudarstvennoe izdatel’stvo “Khudozhestvennaia literatura”.

Zamiatin, E. (1920). My. Public Domain.

Zinoviev, A. (n.d.). Katastroĭka, Povest’ o perestroĭke v Partgrade. Retrieved February 20, 2024, from https://www.rulit.me/author/zinovev-aleksandr-aleksandrovich/katastrojka-povest-o-perestrojke-v-partgrade-get-42181.html

Zinoviev, A. (n.d.). Ziiaiushchie vysoty. Retrieved February 20, 2024, from https://royallib.com/book/zinovev_aleksandr/ziyayushchie_visoti.html

Aristophanes. (2015). Clouds. In Clouds. Women at the Thesmophoria. Frogs. A Verse Translation with Introduction and Notes (S. Halliwell, Trans., pp. 20–83). Oxford University Press.

Aristotle. (1984). The complete works of Aristotle: The revised Oxford translation (J. Barnes, Ed.; Vols. 1–2). Princeton University Press.

Augustine. (1997). The Confessions. In The Works of Saint Augustine (Vol. 1, M. Boulding, Trans.; J. E. Rotelle, Ed.). New City Press.

Boyd, B. (1991). Vladimir Nabokov: The American Years. Princeton University Press.

Boyd, B. (1999). Nabokov’s Pale Fire: The Magic of Artistic Discovery. Princeton University Press.

Confucius. (1979). The Analects (D. C. Lau, Trans.). Penguin Books.

Copi, I. M. (1968). Introduction to logic (3rd ed.). The Macmillan Company; Collier-Macmillan Limited.

Critchley, S. (2001). Continental philosophy. Oxford University Press.

Davis, J. C. (2010). Thomas More’s Utopia: Sources, Legacy and Interpretation. In G. Claeys (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to utopian literature (pp. 28–50). Cambridge University Press.

Foster, M. H., & Martin, M. L. (Eds.). (1966). Probability, confrontation, and simplicity: Readings in the philosophy of inductive logic. The Odyssey Press.

Gilliam, T. (Director). (1985). Brazil (director’s cut) [Film]. Embassy International Pictures; Brazil Productions.

Haack, S. (1996). Deviant logic, fuzzy logic: Beyond the formalism. University of Chicago Press.

Hansen, H. (2022, February 3). Fallacies. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/fallacies/

Hegel, G. W. F. (1968–present). Enzyklopädie der philosophischen Wissenschaften im Grundrisse (Band 20). Felix Meiner Verlag.

Hegel, G. W. F. (1977). Phenomenology of spirit (A. V. Miller, Trans.). Oxford University Press.

Hirsch, E. D., Jr. (1967). Validity in interpretation. Yale University Press.

Inwood, M. J. (Ed.). (1992). A Hegel dictionary. Blackwell Publishers.

Ionesco, E. (1958). The Bald Soprano. In The Bald Soprano and other plays (D. M. Allen, Trans., pp. 7–42). Grove Press.

Iser, W. (1974). The implied reader: Patterns of communication in prose fiction from Bunyan to Beckett. Johns Hopkins University Press.

Kahane, H. (1969). Logic and philosophy: A modern introduction. Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc.

Kneale, W., & Kneale, M. (1964). The development of logic. Oxford University Press.

Lau Tzu. (1963). Tao Te Ching (D. C. Lau, Trans.). Penguin Books.

Leving, Y. (Ed.). (2012). Anatomy of a short story: Nabokov’s puzzles, codes, “Signs and Symbols.” Continuum.

Mérimée, P. (1989). Carmen. In Carmen and other stories (N. Jotcham, Trans., pp. 1–53, 333–339). Oxford University Press.

Montaigne, M. de. (2003). Of the vanity of words. In The complete works (D. M. Frame, Trans., pp. 269–271). Alfred A. Knopf.

More, T., Sir. (1992). Utopia (2nd ed.; R. M. Adams, Trans. & Ed.). W. W. Norton.

Nabokov, V. (1949, April 24). Nausea by Jean-Paul Sartre. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/21/books/nausea-jean-paul-sartre.html?searchResultPosition=2 (Also published as Sartre’s First Try. Nausea. By Jean-Paul Sartre. Translated by Lloyd Alexander. Retrieved from https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/97/03/02/lifetimes/nab-r-sartre.html)

Nabokov, V. (1973). Bend sinister. McGraw-Hill.

Nabokov, V. (1981). Lectures on Russian literature (F. Bowers, Ed.). Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Nabokov, V. (1989). Speak, memory: An autobiography revisited. Vintage International.

Nabokov, V. (1990). Strong opinions. Vintage Books.

Nabokov, V. (1991). The annotated Lolita (revised and updated; A. Appel, Jr., Ed.). Vintage Books.

Nabokov, V. (2016). Lectures on Don Quixote. Mariner Books Classics.

Neville, H. (1999). The Isle of Pines. In T. More et al., Three early modern Utopias (S. Bruce, Ed., pp. 187–212). Oxford University Press.

Orwell, G. (1976). Animal farm. Burmese days. A clergyman’s daughter. Coming up for air. Keep the aspidistra flying. Nineteen eighty-four. Secker & Warburg/Octopus.

Plato. (1997). Complete works (J. M. Cooper, Ed.; D. S. Hutchinson, Assoc. Ed.). Hackett Publishing Company.

Plutarch. (1932). Lycurgus. In The lives of the noble Grecians and Romans (J. Dryden, Trans.; A. H. Clough, Ed., pp. 49–74). Modern Library.

Proffer, C. R. (1968). Keys to Lolita. Indiana University Press.

Pushkin, A. (1964). Eugene Onegin (V. Nabokov, Trans.; Vols. 1–4). Pantheon Books; Random House.

Ricoeur, P. (1979). Main trends in philosophy. Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc.

Sartre, J. P. (1964). Nausea (L. Alexander, Trans.). A New Directions Paperbook.

Sartre, J. P. (1994). Being and nothingness: An essay on phenomenological ontology (H. E. Barnes, Trans.). Gramercy Books.

Shields, C. (Ed.). (2003). The Blackwell guide to ancient philosophy. Blackwell Publishing.

Swift, J. (2002). Gulliver’s travels (A. J. Rivero, Ed.). W. W. Norton.

Tao Qian. (n.d.). Peach blossom spring (C. Birch, Trans.). Retrieved February 10, 2024, from http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/china/taoqian_peachblossom.pdf

Taylor, C. (1975). Hegel. Cambridge University Press.

Vieira, F. (n.d.). The concept of utopia. In The Cambridge companion to utopian literature (pp. 3–27).

Published

2025-11-06

Issue

Section

I. Dystopia Traditions, Genre Dynamics, Directions of Transformation

How to Cite

Of the dystopian-utopian and the genre of dystopia-utopia. (2025). Colloquia Comparativa Litterarum, 10, 22-44. https://doi.org/10.60056/CCL.2024..22-44