Patristic Views on the Hierarchy of the Angels

Abstract

Danail Nikolov, Patristic Views on the Hierarchy of the Angels. There are numerous passages in the Bible that mention angels, but none provide direct information about angelic hierarchy. However, according to Orthodox Church Tradition, there is clear and direct evidence regarding the hierarchy of angels. This teaching was formally expressed at the Fifth Ecumenical Council (553). Prominent Holy Fathers of the Orthodox Church have written extensively about the angelic hierarchy and various angelic ranks. The angelic hierarchy is detailed in On the Celestial Hierarchy by St. Dionysius the Areopagite, a text frequently referenced by Holy Fathers such as St. Gregory Dialogus, St. John of Damascus, and St. Gregory Palamas. Today, the angelic hierarchy, according to St. Dionysius the Areopagite, remains a subject of serious debate. One of its most notable critics is John Meyendorff, who unequivocally rejects it. Consequently, Meyendorff’s position contrasts with the Holy Tradition of the Orthodox Church and the teachings of esteemed Holy Fathers like St. Gregory Dialogus, St. John of Damascus, and St. Gregory Palamasc.