Пиянство и опиянение
критическите наративи за Едгар Алън По и алкохола
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.60056/CCL.2023..72-88Ключови думи :
Едгар Алън По, алкохол, По в Америка, По във Франция, По в БългарияАбстракт
Почти два века критическият наратив, представящ (зло)употребата на алкохол от Едгар Алън По, се раздвоява между два полюса. От една страна, предимно в Америка, враговете на По, докато той е жив и скоро подир кончината му, го изобразяват като алкохолик и човек с голям талант, който обаче заслужава морално порицание. От друга страна, американските почитатели на По и неговите европейски модернистични следовници тълкуват връзката на По с алкохола положително по два начина. Първо, пиянството на По е временно бягство от нещастния му живот сред американската среда, която има утилитарно и моралистично отношение към изкуството. И второ, По се разбира като романтичен и модернистичен творец, за когото алкохолът е път, отвеждащ от действителността към чистото изкуство. Тази статия изследва формирането на двупосочния наратив за пиянството/опиянението на По в Америка и модернистична Франция (и в по-малка степен в България и Русия). Проучването донякъде осветлява и българската литературна критика както в нейния популярен и комерсиален вариант, така и във времето на високия български модернизъм, както е представена от водещия модернист и авангардист Гео Милев (1895-1925). Когато обсъждат темата за По и алкохола, българските критици повтарят в обеднен вид установени американски и европейски аспекти на този наратив.
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