Those who want more do more
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60054/PEU.2021.8.22-32Keywords:
European Union, differentiated integration, SMART approach, future of EuropeAbstract
Differentiated integration is one of the important topics in the debate of the future of the European Union. The key question we are asking is whether and how the implementation of differentiated integration can contribute to progress into cooperation and policy implementation in different spheres, avoiding bottlenecks and stagnation in the integration process, or the result would be a fragmented European Union with unpredictable development of the Member States relations. Based on the Goal Setting Theory, the article proposes to adjust the SMART approach to the “intelligent” application of differentiated integration, ensuring its positive impact on the integration process.
References
Advisory Council on International Affairs - the Netherlands. (2015). Differentiated Integration - Different routes to EU Cooperation (No. 98).
Doran, G. T. (1981). There’s a S.M.A.R.T. Way to Write Management’s Goals and Objectives. Management Review, 70(11), 35–36.
Drucker, P. (2007). Management challenges for the 21st century. Routledge.
Dyson, K., & Sepos, A. (Eds.). (2010). Which Europe? The Politics of Differentiated Integration. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/ Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics
Holzinger, K., & Schimmelfennig, F. (2012). Differentiated Integration in the European Union: Many Concepts, Sparse Theory, Few Data. Journal of European Public Policy, 19(2), 292–305.
Koenig, N. (2015). A Differentiated View of Differentiated Integration (Policy Paper 140). Notre Europe, Jaques Delors Institute.
Locke, E. A. (1968). Toward a theory of task motivation and incentives. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 3(2), 157–189.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). A theory of goal setting and task performance. Prentice-Hall.
Majone, G. (2012). Rethinking European integration after the debt crisis (Working Paper No. 3). London’s Global University, The European Institute.
Raspotnik, A., Jacob, M., & Ventura, L. (2012). The Issue of Solidarity in the European Union (Discussion Paper). TEPSA conference.
Rubin, R. (n.d.). Will the Real SMART Goals Please Stand Up? Saint Louis University, SLOP. Retrieved from http://www.siop.org/tip/backissues/tipapr02/03rubin.aspx
Schimmelfennig, F., Leuffen, D., & Rittberger, B. (2015). The European Union as a system of differentiated integration: interdependence, politicization and differentiation. Journal of European Public Policy, 22(6), 764–782.
Stubb, A. (1996). A Categorization of Differentiated Integration. Journal of Common Market Studies, 34(2).
Tallberg, J. (2002). Paths to Compliance: Enforcement, Management, and the European Union. International Organization, 56(3), 609–643.
Wallace, H. (1998). Differentiated Integration. In D. Dinan (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the European Union. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
