Academic Reports - Bulletin "Nasledstvo BG"
type: channel
description: The thematic series Bulletin ‘Heritage BG’ – Research Announcements are published two times a year and are available at all Centre of Excellence locations. Member institutions of the Centre and subscribers will receive a copy.
publisher: Наследство-БГ
language: en
publication name: Academic Reports - Bulletin "Nasledstvo BG"
issn: 2815-3138
items: Biocultural heritage – linking biological and cultural diversity
items: Cultural ecosystem services provided by natural heritage sites in karst territories of Smolyan region, Bulgaria
items: Three dimensional digital reconstructions in the case study of 19th century house
items: Field video recordings from the 1950s in the folk music archive of the institute of art studies
items: The dictionary as history of Bulgarian literature
items: Multifunctional model for unified description and access to unique documents and special collections of cultural heritage
items: The visual communication of the local religiosity as a part of the Bulgarian Cultural Heritage
items: Educational video game for Valchan Voivoda
items: Creation of feasible non-player character
items: Mural fragments and inscriptions in Greek from St Anastasia Island and their context
items: A Methodology for design and implementation of VR applications in the Cultural Heritage Field
items: Ancient thracian cultural and historical heritage
items: Conceptualization of natural heritage in the context of the ecosystem approach
items: The multidimensional content of wellness culture
items: Evaluation of the diet of crossfit participants in a Crossfit affiliate box in Sofia, Bulgaria
items: Aquatic environment – effective tool for health prevention and hardening
items: Traditions and innovations in the manual impacts in recreation and well-being
items: Creative conservation
items: Changing Legacies. Urban toponymy in the Balkan capitals in the 90-ies of twentieth century between change and continuity
items: Cultural heritage as a resource for local development
items: The professional associations of Balkan foresters until the First World War
items: Traditional women’s activities as cultural heritage
items: The cultural heritage – a matter of training
items: Non-destructive analyses of the colour palette, gilding and varnish of an icon
items: Wellness culture benchmarking at Preliminary School Bulgarian
items: Wellness innovations and good aromatherapy practices in Bulgaria
items: Cheerleading – a tool to achieve wellness culture in the Bulgarian school
items: Wellness aqua programs through adapted physical activity and sports for children with special needs
items: Educational activities for safeguarding of the cultural heritage in the chitalishte – problems and perspectives
items: The Arian bishops from the Balkans

Biocultural heritage – linking biological and cultural diversity
type: item
description: Based on international policies and foreign investigations, attention is directed towards a problem poorly developed in our country – the essence and manifestations of biocultural heritage. A special emphasis is the interpretation of the rural scenery as a biocultural and multifunctional landscape. The author points out that in Bulgaria the relations between natural and cultural heritage are not yet an object of an integrated approach and adequate management of the processes for preserving biocultural resources for future objectives. As a good practice, a case of constructing a heritage based on biocultural achievements in the village of Kurtovo Konare, Plovdiv District, is analyzed. Heritage valorization is examined as a process of mobilizing resources (available and potential) and transforming capitals (after Pierre Bourdieu). The author indicates that the created symbolic capital has significant importance for local development and for the quality of life. References: Petrov, Petrova 2018: Petrov, Petur and Ivanka Petrova (eds.). Agrokulturni transformatsii v usloviyata na evropeizatsiya i globalizatsiya. Sofiya: IK ‘Gutenberg’ Petrov, Ganeva-Raycheva 2021: Petrov, Petur and Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva (eds.). Rasteniya i hora. Priblizheniya kam biokulturnite vrazki. Sofiya: Erove, https://iefem.bas.bg/rastenia-i-hora.html. Agnoletti 2014: Agnoletti, Mauro. Rural Landscape, Nature Conservation and Culture: Some Notes on Research Trends and Management Approaches from a (Southern) European Perspective. – Landscape and Urban Planning, 126, 66-73. Agnoletti, Emanueli 2016: Agnoletti, Mauro and Francesca Emanueli (eds.). Biocultural Diversity in Europe. Florence: Springer. Agnoletti, Rotherham 2015: Agnoletti, Mauro and Ian Rotherham. Landscape and Biocultural Diversity. – Biodiversity and Conservation, 24 (13), 3155-3165, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-1003-8 . Barthel et al. 2013: Barthel, Stephan, Carole Crumley and Uno Svedin. Biocultural Refugia. Combating the …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: local genetic resources
  topic: keywords
subject: knowledge and skills
  topic: keywords
subject: integral approach
  topic: keywords
subject: transformation of capitals
  topic: keywords
subject: valorization
  topic: keywords
creator: Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 57
ending page: 64

Cultural ecosystem services provided by natural heritage sites in karst territories of Smolyan region, Bulgaria
type: item
description: The karst territories are characterized by landscape aesthetics, and provide knowledge for the natural systems and their specific ecosystem servises. They are important part of the natural heritage and geodiversity. The aim of this study is to present karst territories as an element of the national natural heritage and as a source of cultural ecosystem services. The results provide a new type of knowledgefor the recreational capacity of the karst territories in Bulgaria, and in particular of the caves in district of Smolyan. References: Beron, Petar, Trifon Daaliev, and Aleksey Zhalov. 2009. Caves and Speleology in Bulgaria. Published by BFU, NPM-BAS and COM Foundation. S. 134-140. Borisova, Bilyana, and Radenka Mitova. 2020. "Development of a Methodology for Assessment of the State and Mapping of the Potential of the Natural Ecosystems with the Meaning of ‘Natural Heritage’ to Provide Recreational Ecosystem Services." In Conceptualization, Flexible Methodology, and Pilot Geospatial Platform for Access of the Bulgarian Natural Heritage to the European Digital Single Market of Knowledge and Information Services. Second Progress Report, 28.02.2020. Çetin, Mehmet, and Hakan Sevik. 2016. "Evaluating the Recreation Potential of Ilgaz Mountain National Park in Turkey." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 188:52. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-5064-7. Cocklin, Chris, Michael Harte, and John Hay. 1990. "Resource Assessment for Recreation and Tourism: a New Zealand example." Landscape and Urban Planning 19(3): 291-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(90)90027-Y. Daily, Gretchen. 1999. "Developing a Scientific Basis for Managing Earth’s Life Support Systems." Conservation Ecology 3(2). De Groot, Rudolf, Rob Alkemade, Leon Braat, Lars Hein, and Louise Willemen. 2010. "Challenges in Integrating the Concept of Ecosystem Services and Values in Landscape Planning, Management and Decision Making." Ecological Complexity 7(3): 260-272. Evrev, Petko. 1999. Spatial Planning of Recreatio…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: caves
  topic: keywords
subject: speleological tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: recreative industries
  topic: keywords
creator: Mariana Nikolova
creator: Stoyan Nedkov
creator: Bilyana Borisova
creator: Velimira Stoyanova
creator: Radenka Mitova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 65
ending page: 81

Three dimensional digital reconstructions in the case study of 19th century house
type: item
description: In this paper I present part of the cultural heritage in the archive 'Architecture' at the Institute of Art studies through the opportunities provided by the software technologies for three-dimensional digital architectural reconstructions. According to criteria I established, I developed a collection of ten architecturally recorded in the 1950s old buildings from the 19th century. I start the three-dimensional reconstructions with a house in the town of Nessebar, situated on the Black Sea coast. The research focus is to discover not only the technical and mathematical parameters of this building, but also philosophical and poetic aspects in the architecture. In some essential points of my analysis, I refer to the thesis of the American architect and researcher Peter Eisenman: firstly to his definition for a canonical building and secondly to his methodology of repetition in the close reading of architecture. The thesis I defend through the reconstruction is that this house is an office building made of wood and stone. Like Eisenman's methodology, I disassemble the original composition of the project into a series of components for rethinking. I look at the elements independently: yard, stairs, cavity, walls, chimney, windows. I find in the house the contrasting ideas of slowness and of acceleration. References: Agacinski 2006: Agacinski, Sylviane. Philosophies et politiques des l’ architecture. Sofia Vazov 1964: Vazov, Ivan. Pod igoto. t. 3. Sachinenia. Sofia. Allen 2008: Allen, Stan. Eisenman’s canon. A counter-memory of the modern. In: Ten Canonical Buildings: 1950-2000. New-York, 9-12. Butcher 2020: Butcher, Matthew. Architectures of Slowness: Actioning Historical Loops and Repetitions. In: Expanding Field of Architectural Discourse and Practice, eds. Matthew Butcher, Megan O’Shea. London, 160-191. Eisenman 2008: Eisenman, Peter. Ten Canonical Buildings: 1950-2000. New York. Eisenman 2006: Eisenman, Peter. The Formal Basis of Modern Architecture. Zürich. Vitale …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 3D
  topic: keywords
subject: three-dimensional graphics
  topic: keywords
subject: three-dimensional visualization
  topic: keywords
subject: architecture
  topic: keywords
creator: Dimitrina Popova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 47
ending page: 56

Field video recordings from the 1950s in the folk music archive of the institute of art studies
type: item
description: The text announces the beginning of a process of digitizing a 16 mm video tapes collection in the Folk Music Archive of the Institute of Art Studies which has remained inaccessible for over three decades and whose digitization is now possible thanks to the ‘Cultural Heritage in the Archives of the Institute of Art Studies: An Interactive Map of the Arts in Bulgaria’ project. Brief historical data on the collection have been introduced, the first documents of which date from 1954. Based on the first digitized and reviewed tapes, some characteristics of the stored materials have been presented as well as the stages and problems in their restoration and subsequent digital processing. The importance of the collection content for future work in various scientific areas, and more specifically ethnomusicology and ethnochoreology in Bulgaria, has been commented on. References: Botuscharov 1973: Botuscharov, Lyuben. Vaprosi na katalogizatsiyata na balgarskiya muzikalen folklore v arhiva na Instituta za muzikoznanie pri BAS. Sofia, manuscript. Dimov 2016: Dimov, Ventsislav. Raina Katsarova i nay-rannite terenni zvukozapisi na traditsionna muzika ot Balgariya. – Bulgarian Musicology, No 1, 33-67. Djidjev 2009: Djidjev, Todor. Problemi na dokumentiraneto i notiraneto na narodnata muzika dnes. In: Folklor i savremennost. Sbornik statii. Sofia, 24-29. Kumichin 2017: Kumichin, Maria. Nauchnata deynost na Todor Todorov v konteksta na balgarskata muzikalna folkloristika ot vtorata polovina na XX vek. PhD Dissertation, IAS, Music Department, Sofia. Naydenova 2015: Naydenova, Goritsa. Muzikalnofolklornite dialekti na Elena Stoin v zvuk. Sofia. Naydenova 2021а: Naydenova, Goritsa. Ivan Kachulev, muzikalnite instrumenti i zvukovata sreda. Terenni materiali i nauchno delo. Sofia. Naydenova 2021b: Naydenova, Goritsa. Nauchnite arhivi na Instituta za izsledvane na izkustvata: spetsifiki i nyakoi problemi pri vavezhdaneto im v bazi danni. – Bulgarian Musicology, Special Issue, 7-40. Statulo…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ethnomusicology
  topic: keywords
subject: ethnochoreology
  topic: keywords
subject: field work
  topic: keywords
subject: Raina Katsarova
  topic: keywords
subject: films
  topic: keywords
subject: digitization
  topic: keywords
creator: Goritsa Naydenova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 82
ending page: 89

The dictionary as history of Bulgarian literature
type: item
description: The appearance of the literary dictionary in Bulgaria was registered between the two world wars, when the concept ofliterary history was already a fact. Literary historyliterary history seeks to cover the whole literary life and process, or to approach conceptually, selectively, taking into account the diversity of ideas, aesthetics and stylistics. In contrast, the dictionary strives for a smaller or larger scale, comprehensiveness of names and phenomena, completeness ofliterary-historical knowledge, although it uses the means of analytical-synthetic exposition. In the history of Bulgarian literary dictionaries, the dictionary either continued the literary-historical narrative by other means, or supplemented and compensated the lack of adequate literary-historical knowledge, or used new possibilities for structuring this knowledge in its special format. References: Mirolyubov 1907: Mirolyubov, V. [D-r K. Krastev]. Vmesto predgovor. In: Mirolyubov, V. Mladi i stari. Kriticheski ocherki varhu dneshnata balgarska literatura. Penev 1910: Penev, Boyan. Posoki i tseli pri prouchvane na novata ni literatura. In: Lit. sb. ‘Misal’, 1-32. Sivriev 1999: Sivriev, Sava. Mitos i tehne. Opit varhu balgarskata literatura ot minaliya vek. Sofiya. Strashimirov 1896: Strashimirov, D. T. [[‘Balgarska literatura’. Ot A. Teodorov]. – Balgarska sbirka, 5, 496-508.] Teodorov-Balan 1896: Teodorov-Balan, Aleksandar. Balgarska literatura. Kratko rakovodstvo za sredni i spetsialni uchilishta. Plovdiv: Izdanie i pechat na Hr. G. Danov.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: literary historization
  topic: keywords
subject: dictionary entries
  topic: keywords
subject: personalia
  topic: keywords
subject: digital dictionary
  topic: keywords
subject: biographies
  topic: keywords
subject: bibliographies
  topic: keywords
creator: Penka Vatova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 90
ending page: 95

Multifunctional model for unified description and access to unique documents and special collections of cultural heritage
type: item
description: The article presents the work on two important projects, based on which new knowledge is created related to the disclosure of the content and features of the described primary sources – Slavonic menaia and other manuscripts and rare and valuable books from the Church-Historical and Archival Institute (CHAI) of the Bulgarian Patriarchate, from the Regional Museum of History (RMH) – Lovech and from the Regional Library ‘Prof. Benyu Tsonev’(RL) – Lovech on the one hand, as well as with the proposal for the creation of a multifunctional model on the other hand. The model aims to use the same data on the content and specific features of documents for different purposes and offers specific approaches in building information resources to make them more useful for future research, more widely available, more adaptive in subsequent technological transformations. References: Hristova-Shomova 2018: Hristova-Shomova, Iskra. Dragotin miney: balgarski rakopis ot nachaloto na XII v. zapazen kato palimpsest v Dragotiniya apostol (NBKM 880). Sofiya. Knizhovnoto 2011: Knizhovnoto nasledstvo v balgarskite biblioteki: Rezultati ot prouchvane. Sofiya. [onlinе]. Available from: http://www.lib.bg/kragli_masi/Knizhovno_nasledstvo_doklad.pdf Natsionalna 2013: Natsionalna strategiya i programa za opazvane na knizhovnoto kulturno nasledstvo v bibliotekite i osiguryavane na dostap do nego: Proekt. Sofiya. [onlinе]. Available from: https://www.lib.bg/publish Yovcheva 2014: Yovcheva, Mariya. Starobalgarskiyat sluzheben miney. Sofiya.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: manuscripts
  topic: keywords
subject: menaions
  topic: keywords
subject: bibliographic records
  topic: keywords
subject: inventories
  topic: keywords
subject: catalogs
  topic: keywords
subject: digital libraries
  topic: keywords
creator: Tsvetanka Pancheva
creator: Анета Дончева
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 96
ending page: 102

The visual communication of the local religiosity as a part of the Bulgarian Cultural Heritage
type: item
description: The creation of visual works dedicated to local religiosity as part of the Bulgarian cultural heritage forms is an interdisciplinary approach to anthropological research, because in addition to the visual presentation of names, facts, dates and events allow the audience to immerse themselves in the modern era. This is successfully applied in the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies in various fields, as well as acquaintance with local religiosity. The main components of the impact are multichannel, mass, speed of distribution and perception. In this way, two vector lines are traced: the first – the visualization of the Bulgarian cultural and historical space and the second – the connection of these concepts with linguodidactic aspects as a model of research. References: Halachev 2009: Halachev, Lubomir. Documentalnoto kino. Stupka po stupka. Sofia. Jordanova 2014: Jordanova, Kremena. Ezhednevieto v selo Slaveino - sreshta na dve identichnosti. In: Vayra smesena. Aspekti na vsekidnevieto v dve rodopski sela, Sofia, 11-36. Kanevski 2018: Kanevski, Konstantin. Tchudotvornoto aqzmo i paraklisite v Momchilovtzi. Smolian. Kaftandjiev 1996: Kaftandjiev, Hristo. Vizualna comunikacia. Sofia. Koleva 2012: Koleva, Irina. Etnopsihologicheski model na obrazovatelno vzaimodeistvie. Sofia. Kotzeva 2014: Kotzeva, Violeta. Praznici, pamet, identichnost. Oshte edin opit varhu tolerantnostta (po primera na selo Slaveino, obshtina Smolayn). In: Vayra smesena. Aspekti na vsekidnevieto v dve rodopski sela, Sofia, 56-72. Spasov 2012: Spasov, Radoslav. Suzdavane na dokumentalni filmi za rusenskite curkvi ‘Sveta Troitsa’ i ‘Sveti Velicomuchenik Georgi’. In: Almanah za istoriyata na Ruse, Vol. XII, 236-244. Spasov 2015: Spasov, Radoslav. Vizualni aspecti na istoriyata. Sofia. Spasov 2018: Spasov, Radoslav. Vizualna comunicacia i moderni metodi za populqrizirane na Sveti Dimitriji Basarbovski i skalnia manastir krai Basarbovo, Rusensko. In: CAMERA DANUBIANA – obrazi ot gradovete …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christianity
  topic: keywords
subject: anthropological space
  topic: keywords
subject: media
  topic: keywords
creator: Radoslav Spasov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 103
ending page: 109

Educational video game for Valchan Voivoda
type: item
description: The paper presents a brief scientific study of the capabilities of the APOGEE software platform to facilitate the automated creation of an educational video maze game. It presents the developed within Heritage BG project experimental educational video maze game dedicated to the work and legacy of Bulgarian rebel Valchan Voivoda and their impact on the historical development of Bulgaria in the first half of the 19th century. References: Abt 1987: Abt, Clark C. Serious Games. University Press of America. Bontchev 2015: Bontchev, Boyan. Serious Games for and as Cultural Heritage. In: Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage, V, 43-58. Bontchev, Vassileva, Dankov 2019: Bontchev, Boyan, Vassileva, Dessislava and Yavor Dankov. The APOGEE Software Platform for Construction of Rich Maze Video Games for Education. In: Proceedings of ICSOFT’2019, Ed. by M. van Sinderen and L. Maciaszek, INSTICC, 491-498. Deterding, Khaled, Dixon, Nacke 2011: Deterding, Sebastian, Khaled, Rilla, Dixon, Dan and Lennart Nacke. From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining Gamification. In: MindTrek, 9-15. Gee 2009: Gee, James. Games, Learning and 21st Century Survival Skills. In: Journal for Virtual Worlds Research, 2(1). Gee 2003: Gee, James. What Video Games Have to Teach us About Learning and Literacy. In: Journal of Computer Entertainment, Vol. 1, 20-28. Girard, Écalle, Magnan, 2013: Girard, C., Écalle, Jean and Annie Magnan. Serious Games as New Educational Tools: How Effective are They? A Meta-analysis of Recent Studies. In: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 29, 207-219. Kirriemuir, McFarlane 2004: Kirriemuir, John and Angela McFarlane. Literature Review in Games and Learning, Futurelab Series, Report 8. Michael, Chen 2006: Michael, David and Sande Chen. Serious Games: Games that Educate, Train and Inform. Boston, MA. Thomson Course Technology. Paunova-Hubenova 2019: Paunova-Hubenova, Elena. Didactic Mini Video Games – Students’ and Teachers’ Poin…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Serious games
  topic: keywords
subject: maze
  topic: keywords
subject: game-based learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Boyan Bontchev
creator: Valentina Terzieva
creator: Yavor Dankov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 110
ending page: 117

Creation of feasible non-player character
type: item
description: Virtual players, also called non-player characters (NPCs), are an integral part of video games. NPCs develop the story of the game and create a critical mass of virtual players making the game more attractive, whether it is educational games or games just for fun. The creation of a virtual player goes through stages that gives plausible human behavior. References: Bontchev et al. 2019: Bontchev, Boyan, Vassileva, Dessislava and Yavor Dankov. The APOGEE Software platform for construction of rich maze video games for education. In: Proc. of ICSOFT’2019, Ed. by M. van Sinderen and L. Maciaszek, INSTICC, 491-498. Michael, Chen 2006: Michael, David and Chen, Sande. Serious Games: Games that Educate, Train and Inform, Boston, MA. Thomson Course Technology. Unity Technologies 2019: Unity Technologies, Navigation and Pathfinding, Unity Documentation, https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/Navigation.html Vishnoi 2020: Vishnoi. Laduram. Conversational Agent: A More Assertive Form of Chatbots, Towards Data Science, https://towardsdatascience.com/conversational-agent-a-more-assertive-form-of-chatbots-de6f1c8da8dd
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Serious games
  topic: keywords
subject: virtual player
  topic: keywords
subject: NPC
  topic: keywords
subject: conversational agent
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivan Naydenov
creator: Ilko Adamov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 118
ending page: 122

Mural fragments and inscriptions in Greek from St Anastasia Island and their context
type: item
description: St. Anastasia is the only island with a survived monastery on the contemporary Black seа border of Bulgaria. Art works preserved there and the epigraphic data are an important source for the history of the sea-side abbey, which are not yet properly studied. In this essay are presented some Greek epigraphs that were previously interpreted wrongly in scholarship. Among them is the earliest survived inscription already published by Ivan Karayotov but reading the date as 1772. The new reading of the year in this contribution shows that the Greek text is evidencing for a renewal works in the monastery took place two centuries earlier or in 1574. This is absolutely new element in the history of the monastic church and its frescoes. In this essay for the first time a description of the survived fragments is offered, which does not claim for totality, but could serve for future research. The new reading of the inscription allows to make an assumption that the murals appeared after 1574 when the said renewal happened. And as terminus antequem authors accept Kazak invasions in South Black Sea coast, that affected St Anastasia’ island as well in 1611, 1613 and 1615. In this text an analysis is made and is offered new reading of some later epigraphs from the bema table, the altar screen and the bishops throne of the catholicon. Their adequate reading rejects categorically many of already created legends about the island, which became a popular touristic destination that attracts thousands of visitors lately. The results of this survey are an important argumentation against pseudohistory that was invented last years, which along with the commercial purpose of the island today, i.e. to be a place used for culinary tourism with a hotel accommodation, created a cultural and historical homunculus, which don’t attract educated visitors, but offers instead one false and self-reproductive paraheritage. References: Chilev 1908: Chilev, Petar. Mesemvriyska kondika (codex). – In: Periodic…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: St. Anastasia island
  topic: keywords
subject: Greek epigraphy
  topic: keywords
subject: murals
  topic: keywords
subject: church art
  topic: keywords
creator: Emmanuel Moutafov
creator: Ivan Vanev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 36
ending page: 46

A Methodology for design and implementation of VR applications in the Cultural Heritage Field
type: item
description: Modern society now accepts as an integral part of their daily lives the Internet connection and the use of various technological devices, from the computer at work, through the phone in our pocket, to the so-called smart devices in our smart home. Virtual reality (VR) technologies have developed rapidly in recent years and are increasingly adopted in many areas. Such areas are the automotive industry (design and simulations), healthcare (training, virtual operations), real estate (interior design and furnishing) and architecture, education and interactive games. Areas that allow interdisciplinary work between VR specialists and teams working in the field of cultural and historical heritage (CH) are tourism in general and the provision of a different way of human interaction with CH sites. The resilience of a VR system depends primarily on the approach to its creation, which should provide ways to manage the addition of new data (and new types of data) and adaptation to new requirements (output) using the latest technologies. What is important is not the implemented technologies, but the management of the integration of these evolutions into a modular ‘system’. Thus, we propose a methodology for their creation in order to clarify the steps that the collaborative specialist should follow, the risks that may appear and some suggestions how to minimize their impact. References: Georgiev 2020: Georgiev, Emil. Vliazoha li bulgarskite muzei v krak s vremeto, Sega, 11 Dec. 2020, https://www.segabg.com/category-observer/vlyazoha-li-bulgarskite-muzei-krak-vremeto Bozzelli, Raia, Ricciardi et al. 2019: Bozzelli, G., Raia, A., Ricciardi, S., De Nino, M., Barile, N., Perrella, M., Tramontano, M., Pagano, A., Palombini, A. An Integrated VR/AR Framework for User-centric Interactive Experience of Cultural Heritage: The ArkaeVision Project. Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage. 2019 Dec. 1;15:e00124. Fassi et al. 2016: Fassi, F. et al. VR for Cultural Heritage. …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: virtual reality (VR)
  topic: keywords
subject: digital heritage
  topic: keywords
creator: Dimo Chotrov
creator: Antoniya Tasheva
creator: Ivan Momchev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 123
ending page: 132

Ancient thracian cultural and historical heritage
type: item
description: The article aims to define the new problematic situations and the new ‘participants’ in the generation of Thracian cultural and historical heritage, caused by the profound changes in the Bulgarian state and Bulgarian society in the late 20th and early 21st century. It traces the roots of the interest of the Bulgarian society to Antiquity, respectively to the Thracian antiquities, which awoke under the influence of the Renaissance ideas of the European West as early as the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. ‘Cultural-historical heritage’ is a modern cultural construct and interpretive anthropological term, which is becoming today, among other things, a central tool in the analysis of the mechanisms of construction of national identities. References: Aretov 1995: Aretov, Nikolay. Balgarskoto vazrazhdane i Evropa. Sofia: http://slovo.bg/showwork.php3?AuID=38&WorkID=4536&Level=3 (Accessed: 05.06.2017). Balcheva 2021: Balcheva, Antoaneta. Ideologemata za slavyanska vzaimnost v literaturnata traditsia na ilirizma. V: Mirabilia: vremena, prostranstva, mitove. Sofia (pod pechat). Bonev 2007: Bonev, Chavdar. Praslavyanskite plemena. Chast 1. Sofia. Bonev 2008: Bonev, Chavdar. Praslavyanskite plemena. Chast 2. Sofia. Bonev 2009: Bonev, Chavdar. Ch. 3. Praslavyanskata tsarkva i drugi proekti. Osnovni tezi. Sofia. Bonev 2010: Bonev, Chavdar. Praslavyanskite plemena. Chast 2. Sofia. Genchev 1988: Genchev, Stoyan. G. Rakovski i izsledvaneto na balgarskata narodna kultura. V: Rakovski, Georgi. Sachinenia. T. 4, Sofia. Ginchev 1988: Ginchev, Tsani. Ognenite trakiyski lyubovni streli i zhivite poleli i leli (Kupidoni i Veneri). V: Zemya i hora. Sofia. Grigorova 2006: Grigorova, Margreta. „Proglasat“ na Lyudevit Gay i glasovete na „Lirata Iliria“. – Proglas. Izdanie na Filologicheskia fakultet pri Velikotarnovskia universitet „Sv. sv. Kiril i Metodiy“, No. 2, 58-82. Dichev 2015: Dichev, Ivaylo. Disnilend „Bulgaria“. – https://www.dw.com/bg/ (Accessed: 16.03.2015).…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Thracology
  topic: keywords
subject: thrakistika
  topic: keywords
subject: Georgi Rakovski
  topic: keywords
subject: Cani Ginchev
  topic: keywords
subject: Gancho Cenov
  topic: keywords
subject: Nayden Sheytanov
  topic: keywords
subject: living history
  topic: keywords
creator: Vanya Lozanova-Stancheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 23
ending page: 35

Conceptualization of natural heritage in the context of the ecosystem approach
type: item
description: The article aims to explore natural heritage as a socio-ecological phenomenon. The definitions and cycle of development of the concept of natural heritage is explained. The process of provision and demand of ecosystem services that benefit socio-environmental systems is presented to illustrate how an element of the natural system becomes natural heritage. As a result of the analysis, the authors propose a definition of ‘natural heritage’ in the context of an ecosystem-based approach. The results would support the sustainable use of natural heritage sites for the development of nature-based tourism. References: Georgiev 2005: Georgiev, Georgi. Kriterii i indikatori za rekreatsionna otsenka na biologichnoto raznoobrazie na zashtitenite teritorii v Balgariya, Problemi na geografiyata, kn. 3-4, BAN, Sofiya, Balgariya, 65-68. Gurkov et al. 2013: Gurkov, Rosen, Galev, Emil, Perchiklijski, Grigor and Ivan Golomehov. Evropeyska Konventsiya za Landshafta. Vavezhdane v Balgariya AGENTSIYA DEYTA-SPP SPP, Sofia, 1-25. EKL 2005: Evropeyskata konventsiya za landshafta. DV br. 22 ot 15 mart 2005. Nikolova et al. 2020: Nikolova, Mariyana, Nedkov, Stoyan and Biliyana Borisova. Prirodno nasledstvo i rekreacionni ekosistemni uslugi, SocioBrains, Issue 66, 1-8. http://sociobrains.com/ Popova 1993: Popova, Nikolina. Prirodni rekreatsionni resursi, Univ. izd. ‘Sv. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, 1 127. Tomova, Borisova 2018: Tomova, Каtrin and Biliyana Borisova. Biosfernite parkove po programata ‘Chovekat i biosferata’ na YUNESKO kato instrument za regionalno razvitie i osaznavane na palniya nabor ot ekosistemni uslugi (na primera na Tsentralen Balkan). Godishnik na SU ‘Sv. Kliment Ohridski’, kn. 2, tom 110. 123-144. Toncheva 2014: Toncheva, Тоdorka. Vliyanie na bioraznoobrazieto varhu razvitieto na turizma, Avangard Prima, Sofia, 1-98. Vasileva 2018: Vasileva, Vanya. Prirodni turisticheski resursi na Balgariya, Shumen. De Groot et al. 2002: de Groot, Rudolf, Matthew Wilson and Boumans Roelof.…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: natural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: ecosystem services
  topic: keywords
subject: socio-environ mental systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Mariyana Nikolova
creator: Stoyan Nedkov
creator: Stеliуan Dimitrov
creator: Bilyana Borisova
creator: Miglena Zhiyanski
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 16
ending page: 22

The multidimensional content of wellness culture
type: item
description: The study purpose is to detect the citizens’ culture forforest medicine and therapies related to the effect of a healthy lifestyle. Consumers’ opinions on innovative services were exploring: forest air and oxygen bath, forest art, forest menu, forest hammam and forest elephant eyes. The activities and publications of the Bulgarian Centre for Excellence ‘Heritage BG’ disseminate a multidimensional wellness culture. We present an analysis of applied psychometric experiment studying the importance, self-perception and satisfaction in communicating with forests and preserving them as natural heritage. References: Chipeva, Maya. Avangard Prima: Kango dzhémps Aerobika. Sofia, 2019. Dimitrova, Bistra, et al. Sotsialna znachimost na uelnes (wellness) kulturata: sravnitelen analiz po danni ot nauchni izsledvania na Galap interneshanal. Sofia, 2018. Dimitrova, Bistra, et al. Smart kognitiven instrumentarium. Vanshna otsenka na profesionalni kompetentsii za kadri v Nishov turizŭm. NSA Press. Sofia, 2021. Tomova, Tatiana. Menstrualni raztroĭ stva – razpostranenie i proyava. International Scientific journal Smart Innovations in Recreational, Wellness Industry and Niche Tourism, vol. 3, no. 2, 2021, pp. 33-38. Veselinov, Dimitar. Dialogat v obrazovanieto: Deseti mezhdunaroden esenen nauchno-obrazovatelen forum. Sofiya, 2021, pp. 11-16. Yosifov, Rumen. MMS: NSA ‘Vasil Levski’ Uchebna programa po sportna podgotovka za sportnite uchilishta – V–XII klas (Mart 2016 g. – Avgust 2016 g). 2019. Chalakov, Milen. "Optimizing the Control of Technical Performance of Forehand Stroke Among 12-year Old Tennis Players Using Martin’s Sigma method." Trakia Journal of Sciences, vol. 18, suppl. 1, 2020, pp. 682-688. Dimitrova, Bistra. "Quality assessment about standards for wellness services and certified skills of specialized staff." Trakia Journal of Sciences, vol. 17, no. 2, 2019, pp. 143-149. Dimitrova, Bistra. "Relationships between education and innovations in the recreational Industry in Bulg…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Interactive Wellness activities
  topic: keywords
subject: innovative services
  topic: keywords
subject: Recreation and Wellness industry
  topic: keywords
subject: forest medicine and therapies
  topic: keywords
creator: Bistra Dimitrova
creator: Svilen Neykov
creator: Gergana Vasileva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 110
ending page: 116

Evaluation of the diet of crossfit participants in a Crossfit affiliate box in Sofia, Bulgaria
type: item
description: The mix of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats properly can maintain good energy level and fast removal of metabolic products. We present the evaluation of the men and women participants diet in a CrossFit affiliate box in Bulgaria. We compare it with the recommendations for high-intensity training. The data were obtained from a questionnaire for nutrition. Energy intake and carbohydrate consumption values were lower than recommended for exercises with high-intensity. The lower carbohydrate intake negatively influences the energy intake but has with no significant risk for the efficient energy provision of the long-term recovery processes. References: Zaykova, Dilyana. Hranitelen rezhim pri sastezateli po borba klasicheski stil ot natsionalno i mezhdunarodno nivo. Predizvikatelstva i perspektivi pred sportnata nauka, 2017, pp. 73-82. Zaykova, Dilyana, i Lyubomir Petrov. "Otsenka na hraneneto pri sportovete kulturizam, vdigane na tezhesti i silov triboy." Predizvikatelstva i perspektivi pred sportnata nauka, Spetsifika na podgotovkata v razlichni sportni distsiplini, 2017, pp. 58-64. Aerenhouts, Dirk, et al. "Energy and Macronutrient Intake in Adolescent Sprint Athletes: A Follow-up Study." Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 29, no. 1, 2011, pp. 73-82. American College of Sports Medicine and Academy of Nutrition and Dietics, Dietitians of Canada. ACSM, 2016. Burke, Louise, et al. "Carbohydrates for Training and Competition." Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 9, 2011, pp. 17-27. Escobar, Kurt, et al. "The Effect of a Moderately Low and High Carbohydrate Intake on Crossfit Performance." International Journal of Exercise Science, vol. 9, no. 3, 2016, pp. 460-470. Glassman, Greg. "Meal Plans." CrossFit Journal, vol. 21, 2004, pp. 1-10. Glassman, Greg. "The CrossFit Training Guide." CrossFit Journal, 2010, pp. 1-115. Gleeson, Michael, et al. "Exercise, Nutrition and Immune Function." Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 22, 2004, pp. 115-125. Harris, J., and Francis Benedict. A Bi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: CrossFit nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: energy intake
  topic: keywords
subject: energy needs
  topic: keywords
subject: recommendation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mihail Konchev
creator: Dilyana Zaykova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 102
ending page: 109

Aquatic environment – effective tool for health prevention and hardening
type: item
description: According to the UN Annual Report on the Happiness Index by Nations, water practices show growth that is higher than the overall growth of all physical leisure activities. Methods: We apply a comparative analysis of applied innovative aqua programs by gender, for people in active age. Results: The immune system health is increased through the hardening effect of the aquatic environment and zone-oriented motor activity, according to gender and age. Aqua programs, backed by scientific evidence of effectiveness, combined with personalised diets, are increasingly desirable and fill the schedule of coaches with 2-3 weeks ahead. Discussion: Aqua practices are an effective tool for health prevention and a successful strategy against panic attacks. Conclusion: Aqua practices are a profitable tool for investing in individual, family and corporate health by raising the level of Well-being. References: Chalakov, Milen. Turnirite po fekhtovka na vsichki orŭzhiya, provedeni v Narodna Republika Bŭlgariya mezhdu 1976-1978 g. Sofiya, 2016, pp. 230-233. Chipeva, Maya. Avangard Prima: Kango dzhemps Aerobika. Sofia, 2019. Dimitrova, Bistra, et al. Smart kognitiven instrumentarium. Vŭnshna otsenka na profesionalni kompetentsii za kadri v Nishov turizŭm. Sofia, 2021, pp. 97-102. Tomova, Tatiana. Menstrualni raztroĭ stva – razpostranenie i proyava. International Scientific journal Smart Innovations in Recreational, Wellness Industry and Niche Tourism, vol. 3, no. 2, 2021, pp. 33-38. Vasileva, Kapka, and Maya Chipeva. Izsledvane i otsenka na dvigatelnata deesposobnost i tekhnicheskite umeniya na studentite v uchebnite chasove po basketbol na tekhnicheskiya universitet Sofiya. International Scientific Journal: Smart Innovations in Recreational, Wellness Industry and Niche Tourism, vol. 2, no. 2, 2019, pp. 22-27. Veselinov, Dimitar. Dialogat v obrazovanieto. Deseti mezhdunaroden esenen nauchno-obrazovatelen forum, Dialogat v obrazovanieto – suvremennost i perspektivi. Sofiya, 2021, pp. 11-1…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Water influences
  topic: keywords
subject: health from nature
  topic: keywords
subject: health prevention
  topic: keywords
subject: wellness lifestyle
  topic: keywords
creator: Jordan Donev
creator: Dimitar Trendafilov
creator: Rumen Iossifov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 94
ending page: 101

Traditions and innovations in the manual impacts in recreation and well-being
type: item
description: In today’s modern world people are getting more and more aware of the power of natural remedies or influences. Our ancestors knew how to use the healing powers of nature and how to apply cure from the nature with simple means. Methods: Traditionally, for generations, these experiences have been passed on and preserved. One of the oldest manual methods of exposure is massage. Results: We studying the effectiveness of the massage skills as manual method or chiropractic for the treatment and prevention of many diseases. Itrestores vital energy and overcomes states of fatigue – the result of stress in modern society, chronic diseases, unhealthy lifestyles and the harmful effects of our environment. The leading symptom of illness and injury is pain. By treating the superficial tissues of the human body, especially the reflex zones, it can affect various organs and tissues, reduce the increased muscle tone arising from pathology and trauma, normalize blood and lymph flow, metabolic processes in tissues and to balance the patient’s psycho-emotional state. Over the past decades, a number of studies have been conducted and the positive effects of massage have been proven. References: Filonov, Sergei. Lechenie na organizma sas sobstveni sili. Sofia, 2015, pp. 228-232. Filipov, Nikolai. Med za zdrave i krasota. Sofia, 1991. Goranova, Zoya, Gergina Markova-Stareishinska, and Leila Kraidjikova. Masaj. NSA, Sofia, 2000. Harnish, Gunther. Lecheben masaj s pchelen med. Aquarius, Sofia, 2001. Kraev, Todor. Lecheben masaj i postizometrichna relaksaciq. Sofia, 2016. Lisovski, Petar. Prochistvane i podmladqvane. Sofia, 2009. Mladenov, Stoimir. Pchelni produkti – hrana i lekarstvo. Sofia, 1989. Topuzov, Ivan. Celulitat – harakteristika i kompleksno lechenie. Sofia, 2000. Avram, Mathew M. "Cellulite: A Review of its Physiology and Treatment." Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, vol. 6, no. 4, 2004, pp. 181-185, doi:10.1080/14764170410003057. Pinna, Kathryn. Nutrition and Diet Therapy.…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: honey massage
  topic: keywords
subject: honey
  topic: keywords
subject: cellulites
  topic: keywords
creator: Tatyana Tomova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 88
ending page: 93

Creative conservation
type: item
description: The study presents the hidden theoretical discourse during the work process on the Tell Yunatsite conservation project1. The article questions some traditional understandings of the conservation of cultural heritage based on a case study of one of the rare prehistoric sites in Bulgaria. What do we conserve here? What is authentic? Is reversibility possible or could we accept the loss? Is it possible to overcome gravity? Could (and should) conservation activities also give meaning of the site to the people? References: Primary sources: Aslan, Zaki. "Protective Structures for the Conservation and Presentation of Archaeological Sites." Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies, 3, 1997, pp. 16–20. Aslan, Zaki, Sarah Court, Jeanne Marie Teutonico, and Jane Thompson. Protective Shelters for Archaeological Sites: proceedings of a symposium (Herculaneum, Italy, 23–27 September 2013). The British School at Rome, 2018. Caple, Chis. Conservation Skills: Judgement, Method, and Decision Making. Routledge, 2000. Cosgrove, Denis. "Should We Take It All So Seriously? Culture, Conservation and Meaning in the Contemporary World." Durability and Change. The Science, Responsibility and Cost of Sustaining Cultural Heritage, edited by W. E. Krumbein, P. Brimblecombe, D. E. Cosgrove, and S. Staniforth, John Wiley, 1994, pp. 259-266. Lowenthal, David. Possessed by the Past. The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History. The Free Press, 1996. The Nara Document on Authenticity, ICOMOS.. 1994, www.icomos.org/charters/nara-e.pdf. Oddy, Andrew and Sara Carroll, editors. Reversibility – Does It Exist? British Museum, Occasional paper, Number 135, 1999. Stovel, Herb. "Origins and Influence of the Nara Document on Authenticity." APT Bulletin, vol. 39, no. 2/3, 2008, pp. 9-17. Viñas, Salvador Muños. Contemporary Theory of Conservation. Elsevier Ltd., 2005. Viñas, Salvador Muños. On the Ethics of Cultural Heritage Conservation. Archetype Publications, 2020. Secondary sources: Boyadzhiev, Yavor, a…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cultural heritage conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: authenticity
  topic: keywords
subject: reversibility
  topic: keywords
subject: protective shelters
  topic: keywords
subject: archaeology
  topic: keywords
creator: Donika Georgieva
creator: Vatyu Vatyu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 76
ending page: 87

Changing Legacies. Urban toponymy in the Balkan capitals in the 90-ies of twentieth century between change and continuity
type: item
description: Analyzing street name changes in comparative perspective in Southeast Europe in the context ofdeep political changes after 1989, the article underlines the significance of this underexplored aspect of symbolic politics. In addition, the article explores the Sofia case through less known archival material. The article shows a break with the pre-1989 model as part of processes of de-communization in the cases of Bucharest and Sofia, with the Romanian capital being characterized with more radical and rapid change. The article shows that in spite of popular perceptions for massive street names change in Sofia directly after 1989 in fact the process of large-scale renaming took place later during the second post-communist administration. In the case of Belgrade, the urban landscape was redesigned later and just a part of the urban symbolic landscape underwent some reassessment. References: Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 469, 67-88, 105-106. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 471, 99-101. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 472. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 477. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 478. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 625, 13-17. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 626. Bulgarian State Archive, Regional Archive – Sofia, fond 65, op.15, a.e. 628, 147-148. Light, Duncan (2004). Street Names in Bucharest, 1990–1997: Exploring the Modern Historical Geographies of Post-socialist Change. - Journal of Historical Geography, No. 30, 154-172. Light, Duncan, Young, Craig (2014). Habit, Memory, and the Persistence of Socialist-Era Street Names in Postsocialist Bucharest, Romania. - Annals of the Association of American Geographers, No.3, 668-685. Radović, Srđan (2008). From Center to Periphery and Vice V…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: symbolic politics
  topic: keywords
subject: street names
  topic: keywords
subject: Southeast Europe
  topic: keywords
subject: decommunization
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivaylo Nachev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 68
ending page: 75

Cultural heritage as a resource for local development
type: item
description: The article aims to reveal the socio-economic benefits of an approach to the creation and socialization of the historic complex Tsari Mali grad in the village of Belchin. The data were obtained from interviews and questionnaires among local businesses and visitors to the complex. The results confirm the desired economic and social benefits of the chosen approach to heritage in view of local development. The limitations of the study relate to the small number of interviewed businesses and visitors. Nevertheless, the article contributes to a better understanding of how a cultural heritage that is not of global or national importance can become a resource for local development. References: Alivizatou 2012: Alivizatou, Marilena. Debating Heritage Authenticity: Kastom and Development at the Vanuatu Cultural Centre. International Journal of Heritage Studies, Vol. 18, No. 2, 24-143. Ashworth 2011: Ashworth, Gregory. Preservation, Conservation and Heritage: Approaches to the Past in the Present through the Built Environment. Asian Anthropology, Vol. 10, Issue 1, 1-18. Ashworth 2008: Ashworth, Gregory. How do Tourists Consume Heritage Places? In: Cultural Heritage and Tourism. Potential, Impact, Partnership and Governance. A book on cultural heritage and tourism to inspire policy makers and practitioners at all levels, ed. by Lehtimäki, M., Proceedings of the III Baltic Sea Region Cultural Heritage Forum, Vilnius, 25-27 September 2007. Vilnius, 52-58. Baarveld et al. 2013: Baarveld, Marlijn, Smit, Marnix and Dewulf, Geert. Planning and Commitment in Cultural Heritage Projects. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 3, №. 2, 163-174. Cartmell et al. 2019: Cartmell, Lynn, Herndon, Tonia, Moffatt, Thomas and Lampe, Katy Mike Smaistrla. The Heritage Leadership Process: Exploring Meaning Making and Social Emotional Competencies in Heritage Interpretation and Education for Sustainability. Dissertations, 879, available at: https://irl.umsl.edu/ di…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: approaches
  topic: keywords
subject: creation
  topic: keywords
subject: socialization
  topic: keywords
subject: economic and social benefits
  topic: keywords
creator: Zhelyu Vladimirov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 9
ending page: 15

The professional associations of Balkan foresters until the First World War
type: item
description: The article is devoted to the emergence and development of the modern forestry profession in the Balkans until the First World War. The main focus is on the establishment of professional associations of foresters in the region. The development of forestry services and the education of foresters in the Balkan countries is also discussed. References: Kostov, Alexandre. (2016). Gorskoto delo v Balgariya (1879-1914): institutsionalno izgrazhdane i nabirane na kadri. In: Istorikat – izsledovatel i populyarizator. Sbornik v chest na 70-godishninata na akademik Georgi Markov. Sofia, 102-116. Kostov, Alexandre. (2016). Nachaloto na modernoto gorsko delo na Balkanite: gorski sluzhbi I lesovadno obrazovanie. – Spisanie na BAN, No. 2, 30-38. Đirković, Miloš. (1926). Šumarstvo i šumarske prilike u Srbiji. In: Pola stoljeća šumarstva 1876-1926. Spomenica Jugoslovenskog šumarskog udruženja o slavi njegove pedesetogodišnjice (ed. Aleksandar Ugrenović). Zagreb, 153-164. Dojković, Viljem. (1926). Hrvatsko šumarsko društvo (1871-1921). In: Pola stoljeća šumarstva 1876-1926. Spomenica Jugoslovenskog šumarskog udruženja o slavi njegove pedesetogodišnjice (eds. Aleksandar Ugrenović). Zagreb, 23-36. Dursun, Selçuk. (2007). Forest and the State: History of forestry and forest administration in the Ottoman Empire. Ph.D Dissertation, Institute of Social Sciences, Sabanci University. Istanbul. Giurescu, Constantin. (1980). A History of Romanian Forest. Bucharest. Grίspos, Pάnos. (1973). Δασική ιστορία της νεωτέρας Ελλάδος, Athens. Ivănescu, Dimitru. (1972). Din istoria silviculturii româneşti. Bucharest. Kostov, Alexandre. (2018). Professional Associations of Balkan Engineers until the First World War. – Papers of BAS Humanities and Social Sciences, No. 5(2), 155-169. Özdönmez, Metin, Abdi Ekizoðlu. (1993). Tanzimat ve Meşrutiyet Dönemleri ormancýlýðýnda katkýlarý olan yabancý uzmanlar. – Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University, No. 43(3-4), 57-68. Panagouli, Eleni. (2016). La…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Professionalization
  topic: keywords
creator: Alexandre Kostov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 60
ending page: 67

Traditional women’s activities as cultural heritage
type: item
description: The article is dedicated to traditional women’s activities such as spinning, weaving and embroidery. The author presents their main characteristics, as well as their importance in the past when, with her mastery, the woman provided the necessarytextiles for clothing and forthe home. The significance that these women’s activities and the objects created through them had for the social and cultural life of the community is considered the basis for their present recognition as cultural heritage. Both the different types of evaluation of such activities over the years and the artifacts obtained as a result of the activities are outlined, while at the same time the present perception of the activities as intangible heritage and of the resultant objects as a movable cultural heritage is outlined. Attention is additionally paid to the related cultural policies for preservation, as well as to the various actors and institutions involved in the implementation of these cultural policies. References: Dechev, Stefan, Nikolai Vukov. Ot kalpaka do tsarvulite: kak se sazdava bulgarskata natsionalna nosia. In: V tarsene na bulgarskoto: mrezhi na natsionalna intimnost (XIX–XXI vek). Sofia, 159-254. Ivanova, Miglena. Ornamentikata v „ogledaloto“ na ideite i praktikite za eksponirane na Parvoto plovdivsko izlozhenie. – Bulgarski folklor, No. 4, 26-43. Markova, Mira. Panslavizmat, Parvata ruska etnografska izlozhba i myastoto na bulgarite v neya. – Anamneza, No 1-2, 78-99. Mishkova, Iglika. Narodniyat etnografski muzey – misia, ekspozitsia i publika (Ot obosobyavaneto kato samostoyatelen muzey do kraya na Vtorata svetovna voyna). In: Izsledvania na kulturnata pamet, kulturnoto nasledstvo i identichnosti. Sofia, 235-268. Nedkov, Simeon. Muzei i muzeologia. Sofia. Nenova, Stela. Obshtnosti i chitalishtna institutsia v sahranenieto na nematerialnoto kulturno nasledstvo – normativni dokumenti i praktiki. – Bulgarski folklor, No. 1, 32-49. Nenova, Stela. Safeguarding the Cultural Hertage in…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: spinning
  topic: keywords
subject: weaving
  topic: keywords
subject: embroidery
  topic: keywords
subject: artifacts
  topic: keywords
subject: movable cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: intangible cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural policies
  topic: keywords
creator: Iva Stanoeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 52
ending page: 59

The cultural heritage – a matter of training
type: item
description: In this article, the author discusses the endeavor for a revival of past traditions and for their safeguarding in our contemporary world. What we call cultural heritage is not heritage strictly speaking, but an invented tradition, which we assimilate with certain alteration from the past in order to fit the present and its problems. Outlined is the decisive role of the researchers for defining and safeguarding the cultural heritage, as well as for interpreting it and transmitting it to the next generations through developing institutional policies and educational programs. References: Angelov 1988: Angelov, Angel Valentinov. Razmishlenia varhu traditsiata. – Literaturna misal, №. 10, 71-79. Also in: https://www.academia.edu/25882917/Размишление_върху_традицията (last visited 06.04.2021) Georgieva 2020: Georgieva, Albena. Opazvaneto na traditsiite – znachim aktsent v globalniya svyat. – In: Nina Debryune, Dzheni Madzharov (eds.). Nematerialnoto kulturno nasledstvo – samobitnost, priemstvenost, oporochavane. Sofia: Academic Publishers ‘Za bukvite – O pismeneh’, 10-22. Georgieva, Angelov 1987: Georgieva, Albena, Angelov, Angel. Za neobhodimostta ot teoriya. – Balgarski folklor, № 3, 39-48. Nalbantyan-Hacheryan 2019: Nalbantyan-Hacheryan, Silva. Nematerialno kulturno nasledstvo – politiki i praktiki za negovoto opazvane. Sofia: AP ‘Prof. Marin Drinov’. Zakon 2009: Zakon za kulturnoto nasledstvo: https://www.academia.edu/29734440/ЗАКОН_ЗА_КУЛТУРНОТО_НАСЛЕДСТВО (in Bulgarian, last visited 06.07.2021). http://mc.government.bg/page.php?p=289&s=0&sp=0&t=0&z=0 (in English, last visited 06.07.2021) Georgieva 2017: Georgieva, Albena. Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage in Bulgaria. – In: Intangible Cultural Heritage: Safeguarding Experiences in Central and Eastern European Countries and China. The 10th Anniversary of the Entry into Force of the 2003 Convention through the Prism of Sustainable Development, ed. by Hanna Shreiber. Warszawa: National Heritage Board of Pol…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: tradition
  topic: keywords
subject: safeguarding
  topic: keywords
subject: transmission
  topic: keywords
subject: researcher
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural policies
  topic: keywords
subject: educational programs
  topic: keywords
creator: Albena Georgieva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 5
ending page: 8

Non-destructive analyses of the colour palette, gilding and varnish of an icon
type: item
description: An icon from the region of Shumen was provided for analysis of the colour palette, the gilding and the varnish coating (supposed to be dammar or mastic) at the Centre for Archaeometry with a Laboratory for Conservation and Restoration (CALCR), University of Sofia. For this purpose selected segments on the surface were studied by non-destructive methods with instruments like: portable X-ray spectrometer Titan S1 Bruker, micro-x-ray fluorescent spectrometer Mistral M1 Bruker, infrared spectrometer with a reflection and absorption variant Alfa II Bruker, Raman spectrometer Bravo1 Bruker. Refernces: Abdel-Ghani, M. (2015). Dating a Coptic Icon of Anonymus Painter by Spectroscopic Study of Pigment palette. – Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 15, No 1, 23-37. Coccato, Alessia, Moens, Luc, Vandenabeele, Peter. (2017). On the Stability of Mediaeval Inorganic Pigments: a Literature Review of the Effect of Climate, Material Selection, Biological Activity, Analysis and Conservation Treatments. – Heritage Science, volume 5, 12. Konstantas, Alexander, Karapanagiotis, Ioannis, Boyatzis, Stamatis C. (2021). Identification of Colourants and Varnishes in a 14th Century Decorated Wood-Carved Door of the Dionysiou Monastery in Mount Athos. – Coatings 2021, 11, 1087, 1-12. Mafredas, Thomas. (2017). The Colour Palette in the Byzantine Icons. (LAB COURSE A4). Kalamata. Достъпно на: https://www.academia.edu/31740791/ (accessed: 01.06.22). Medhat, Abdallah, Ali, Mona, Abdel-Ghani, Mona. (2015). Analytical Investigation on a Coptic Wooden Icon from the 18th Century Using SEM-EDX Microscopy and FTIR Spectroscopy. – Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, 15, 1, 151-161. Mekaj, Eglantina, Civici, Nikolla. (2019). Investigation of the Pigments Used in two 16th Century Icons Attributed to Onufri: Non-destructive Analysis by a Portable XRF Spectrometer. – Buletini i shkencave natyrore (University of Tirana) 28, 218-231. Prati, Silvia, Volpi, Francesca, Fontana, Raffaella, Gall…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: X-ray spectrometry
  topic: keywords
subject: Raman spectrometry
  topic: keywords
subject: FT-IR
  topic: keywords
subject: pigments
  topic: keywords
subject: archaeometry
  topic: keywords
creator: Aneliya Nikolova
creator: Boyka Zlateva
creator: Deyan Lesigyarski
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 46
ending page: 51

Wellness culture benchmarking at Preliminary School Bulgarian
type: item
description: The School Wellness Division is regulated by legislative changes in school education, in particular the expected competencies. Key Competence No. 9 requires knowledge, skills for sustainable development, implementation of a healthy lifestyle and sports. In response to the regulations and our motivation from the participation in the project “Building and developing the Center of Excellence” Heritage BG, we are developing a dissertation for the degree of “Doctor of Science” on “Benchmarking of Wellness Culture in Bulgarian schools” in within the project. References: Dimitrova et al. 2018: Dimitrova Bistra, Mincho Polomenov, Vesela Treneva, Irina Nesheva, Vessela Ivanova, Dimitar Trendafilov. Sotsialna znachimost na uelnes (wellness) kulturata: sravnitelen analiz po danni ot nauchni izsledvania na Galap interneshanal. Monografia. Izd. Avangard, Sofia parvo izdanie, 78-92. Dimitrova et al. 2021: Dimitrova, Bistra, Nikolay Izov, Velichka Alexandrova, Rumen Iosifov, Darinka Ignatova, Dimitar Trendafilov, Vasil Petrov, Gergana Vasileva. Smart kognitiven instrumentarium. Vŭnshna otsenka na profesionalni kompetentsii za kadri v Nishov turizŭm. NSA Press: Sofia, 47-72. Kostov 2013: Kostov, Kiril. Nauchnoto izsledvane vav fizicheskoto vazpitanie, sporta i kineziterapiyata (teoretiko-prilozhni aspekti), Blagoevgrad, 27-36. Kostov et al. 2005: Kostov, Kiril, Stoyan, Ivanov, Veselin Margaritov, Boyanka Boeva. Kniga za uchitelya po fizichesko vazpitanie i sport, izd. Prosveta, Sofia. Momchilova 2011: Momchilova Antoaneta. Interaktivni metodi na obshtuvane v obuchenieto po fizichesko vazpitanie i sport – faktor za dvigatelnoto razvitie na podrastvashtite. Nauchni trudove na Rusenskia universitet, tom 50, seria 8.2., 23-29. Nikolov 2011: Nikolov, Georgi. Statistika. VUZF., Sofiya, 23-30. Popov 2003: Popov, Nikola. Lichnosti. Motivatsiya. Sport. NSA-PRES, tom 1, Sofiya. Veselinov 2021: Veselinov, Dimitar. Dialogat v obrazovanieto, Deseti mezhdunaroden esenen nauchno-obrazovatelen for…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: motor potential
  topic: keywords
subject: indicators of student mobility
  topic: keywords
subject: functional activity
  topic: keywords
subject: a lesson in physical education and sports
  topic: keywords
creator: Darinka Ignatova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 104
ending page: 112

Wellness innovations and good aromatherapy practices in Bulgaria
type: item
description: The current study focuses on wellness innovations and good aromatherapy practices demonstrated in the digital presentation of 74 spas and 25 wellness centers included in the National Tourist Register. Aromatherapy methods have an important place in the Bulgarian wellness culture. There is a tendency for the development and application of comprehensive rituals and concepts based on aroma-therapeutic effects. The creative approach in the development and presentation of rituals and procedures with the use of essential oils. The natural products and resources are the conditions for making Bulgaria an attractive Wellness destination for Niche tourism. References: Atanasova-Spasova 1962: Atanasova-Spasova, M. Eterichni masla. Sofiya. Cherneva-Georgieva 2017: Cherneva-Georgieva, Dzheni. Bioraznoobrazie i prilozhenie na lekarstvenite rasteniya ot Severno-Chernomorskite vlazhni zoni v etnobotanikata. Varna. Denkova, Denkov 1999: Denkova, Rumyana, Denkov, Veselin. Narachnik po aromototerapiya. Sofiya. Dimitrova et al. 2021: Dimitrova, Bistra, Nikolay Izov, Velichka Alexandrova, Rumen Iosifov, Darinka Ignatova, Dimitar Trendafilov, Vasil Petrov, Gergana Vasileva. Smart kognitiven instrumentarium. Vŭnshna otsenka na profesionalni kompetentsii za kadri v Nishov turizŭm. NSA Press. Sofiya. Fol 2009: Fol, Aleksandar. Trakiyskata kultura. Kazano i premalchano. Sofiya. Ivanov 2018: Ivanov, Ivan. Lechebnite svoystva na rasteniyata. Sofiya. Garnev 2020: Garnev, Nikolay. Kniga na familniya biznes v Balgariya. Sofiya. Petrovski, Stoyanov 2005: Petrovski, Svetoslav, Stoyanov, Stavri. Eterichni masla i prilozhenieto im v meditsinata i promishlenostta. Sofiya. Prodanova-Stefanova 2021: Prodanova-Stefanova Vanya. Izsledvaniya varhu svoystvata na balgarskite eterichni masla. Yambol. Shniter 2001: Shniter, Mariya. Molitva i magiya. Sofiya. Stoyanova, Georgiev, Atanasova 2007: Stoyanova, Albena, Georgiev, Atanasova, Teodora, Rakovodstvo za laboratorni uprazhneniya po Tehnologiya na eterichnite…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: aromatherapy heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: digital presentation
  topic: keywords
subject: certified spas and wellness centers
  topic: keywords
subject: wellness education
  topic: keywords
creator: Diana Popova-Dobreva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 98
ending page: 103

Cheerleading – a tool to achieve wellness culture in the Bulgarian school
type: item
description: Cheerleading is an interactive tool to motivate young people to a wellness lifestyle. In the subject of physical education and sports they can be practiced as an extracurricular form of education. They contribute to the physical, aesthetic, musical, dance and intellectual development of students. Wellness indicators contribute to a sustainable emotional state with a cheerful, creative spirit, which supports the construction of a positive and stimulating work environment. School Wellness is regulated by the 9th key competence of the student in the Law on Preschool and School Education. References: Dimitrova et al. 2018: Dimitrova Bistra, Mincho Polomenov, Vesela Treneva, Irina Nesheva, Vessela Ivanova, Dimitar Trendafilov. Sotsialna znachimost na uelnes (wellness) kulturata: sravnitelen analiz po danni ot nauchni izsledvania na Galap interneshanal. Monografia. Izd. Avangard, Sofia: 89-104. Dimitrova et al. 2020: Dimitrova Bistra, Pencho Geshev, Vesela Treneva, Vessela Ivanova, Vasil Petrov. Dinamika na indeksite za uelbiyng i shtastie: sravnitelen analiz po svetovna baza danni, saobrazno statisticheski danni ot dokladi na OON. Monografia. Izd. Avangard, Sofia. Dimitrova et al. 2021: Dimitrova, Bistra, Nikolay Izov, Velichka Alexandrova, Rumen Iosifov, Darinka Ignatova, Dimitar Trendafilov, Vasil Petrov, Gergana Vasileva. Smart kognitiven instrumentarium. Vŭnshna otsenka na profesionalni kompetentsii za kadri v Nishov turizém. NSA Pres, Sofia, 58-60. Minkovska 2021: Minkovska, Gergana. Vazpitatelni aspekti na grupovite muzikalno-dvigatelni deinosti pri 6-7 godishni detza. Ph.D Dissertation, SU ‘St..Kliment Ohridski’, 67-69. Nesheva 2010: Petkova-Nesheva, Irina. Baton twirling i majoretki. Sbornik V mejdunaroden nauchen kongres SSA, Olimpijski sport, sport za vsichki. I chast, NSA, Izd. Tip-top press, Sofia, 381-384. Chalakov 2020: Chalakov, Milen. Optimizing the Control of Technical Performance of Forehand Stroke Among 12-years-old Tennis Players Using Martin’s Sigma …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cheerleading
  topic: keywords
subject: Baton twirling
  topic: keywords
subject: recreational physical activity
  topic: keywords
subject: healthy programs
  topic: keywords
subject: Wellness at school
  topic: keywords
creator: Irina Nesheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 90
ending page: 97

Wellness aqua programs through adapted physical activity and sports for children with special needs
type: item
description: Motor activity practiced by children with special needs can be defined as any activity that adapts to the capabilities of each child, with the main emphasis on physical development and psycho-emotional state. Adapted exercises performed in an aquatic environment as part of wellness practices for children with various disabilities is highly recommended, as they can be modified and adapted for each age at different stages of motor development. Aqua practices are important as they improve the general condition of the child’s body, facilitate daily activities and social interaction and enable independence and safety in the aquatic environment. References: Aleksandrova 2019: Aleksandrova, Velichka. Zdravna prevencia pri deca sas sindrom na Asperger chrez dvigatelna aktivnost vav vodna sreda. Mejdunarodno nauchno spisanie ‘Smart inovacii, rekreativna industria, wellness cultura, nishov turizam’, elektronno izdanie, br. 2, 43-57. Aleksandrova 2021: Aleksandrova, Velichka. Adaptirano pluvane za deca s uvrejdania. Monografia. Aleksandrova, Djobova, Kirilova, Hristov 2017: Aleksandrova, Velichka, Stefka Djobova, Ivelina Kirilova, Oleg Hristov. Adaptirana fizicheska aktivnost i sport. Elektronno pomagalo, NSA, Sofia. Bahchevanski 2019 : Bahchevanski, Stoian. Zanimaniata s vetrohodstvo kato sredstvo za integracia pri deca s uvrejdania. Nauchno-prilojna konferencia ‘Fizicheska aktivnost i zdrave’, Sbornik s dokladi., 77-82, Sofia. Bulgakova 2008: Bulgakova, Natasha. Ozdravitelnoe, lechebnoe i adaptivnoe plavanie. Uchebnoe posobie dla studentov vishee uchebnovo zavedenii. Akademia, Moskva. Carova 2013: Carova, Rosica. Basketbol v invalidni kolichki. Monografia. Sofia, Boulid – ins. Dimitrova et al. 2021: Dimitrova, Bistra, Nikolay Izov, Velichka Alexandrova, Rumen Iosifov, Darinka Ignatova, Dimitar Trendafilov, Vasil Petrov, Gergana Vasileva. Smart kognitiven instrumentarium. Vŭnshna otsenka na profesionalni kompetentsii za kadri v Nishov turizŭm. NSA Press. Sofia. Djobova 2019: …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: children
  topic: keywords
subject: special needs
  topic: keywords
subject: wellness aqua programs
  topic: keywords
creator: Velichka Aleksandrova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 82
ending page: 89

Educational activities for safeguarding of the cultural heritage in the chitalishte – problems and perspectives
type: item
description: In Bulgarian among the main institutions directly involved in the safeguarding of cultural heritage – tangible and intangible, are the chitalishta. Many of them maintain museum and archive collections, have an experience in safeguarding and socializating the typical for the village traditions. Various directly educational initiatives such as discourses and workshops are organized, temporary and permanent folklore groups where training takes place in the intangible cultural heritage and where older people pass on the inherited knowledge and skills and young people and children are encouraged to safeguard them. The research will present the main problems in the educational activities developed by the Chitalishta in the field of cultural heritage and will offer possible solutions for overcoming them in the context of the in the Chitalishta legislation and the implementation cultural policies. References: Konvencia 2003: Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage: https://ich.unesco.org/doc/src/00009-BG-PDF.pdf Naredba 2009: Naredba 6 za formirane, upravlenie I identifikatcia na muzejnite fondove: https://www.lex.bg/en/laws/ldoc/2135657162 Nenova 2019: Nenova, Stela. Obshtnosti i chitalishtna institutsia v sahranyavaneto na nematerialnoto kulturno nasledstvo – normativni dokumenti i praktiki. – Bulgarski folklore, № 1, 32–49. Nenova 2016: Bulgrian chitalishta and safeguarding of folklore. PhD Dissertation, IEFEM. Sofia. Santova 2014: Santova, Mila. To Capture the Elusive. Intangible Cultural Heritage. Sofia AP ‘Prof. Marin Drinov’. Stanoeva 2021: Stanoeva, Iva. Chitalishta and Intangible Cultural Heritage – Opening New Fields. – In: Intangible Cultural Heritage, Current problems. M. Santova, V. Ganeva-Raycheva i dr. (eds.) 153– 165, Sofia AP ‘Prof. Marin Drinov’. Zakon 1996: Zakon za narodnite chitalishta: https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2133897729 Zakon 2009: Zakon za natcionalnia arhiven fond: https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2135557636
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: chitalishta
  topic: keywords
subject: education
  topic: keywords
subject: legislation
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: safeguarding
  topic: keywords
creator: Stela Nenova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 74
ending page: 81

The Arian bishops from the Balkans
type: item
description: Arianism, its role and importance for the development of Christianity and the religious policy of emperors, have been the subject of different studies. However, one important aspect of the history of this heresy remains understudied – the role of the Arian bishops from the Balkans in the development and political influence of this heresy. As early as the first half of the 4th century, Arianism spread throughout the Roman Empire. Many of the bishops of the Balkan Roman provinces sided with the Arians from the beginning of the religious conflict and began to take an active part in theological disputes, but so far their history and the role that they played have not been studies. Six Arian bishops from the Balkans are known to be close advisers to emperors, one of the most educated Christians of their time, charismatic leaders who left behind a literary legacy (which has not reached us) and followers. One of them, Demophilus of Augusta Trayana, managed to rise to the patriarch of Constantinople. The purpose of the proposed report is to present the main activities of Bishops Ursakius of Singidunum, Valens of Mursa, Palladius of Ratiaria, Auxentius of Durostorum, Demophilus of Augusta Traiana and Maximinus of Durostorum, as well as their influence on the development of the Arian conflict. References: Primary Sources: Avksentiy Dorostorskiy. „O vere, zhizni i konchine Ulyfilы“, (per. i komment.) G. E. Zaharova), Vestnik PSTGU. Seria II 4 (41) (2011), 105–116 Actes du concile d’Aquilée, R. Gryson (ed.) [Sources chrétiennes 267] (Paris, 1980), 330-383. Ambrose of Milan Sancti Ambrosi Opera Pars X, Epistulae et Acta Tom. III: Epistularum Liber Decimus, Epistulae extra Collectionem, Gesta Concili Aquileiensis, M. Zelzer (ed.) [Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum 82.3], (Vienna,1982) 126-140. Athanasius of Alexandria, Epistula ad Episcopos Aegypti et Libyae, K. Metzler (ed.) Athanasius: Werke I.1 (Berlin, 1996–2000), 39–64. Translated in A. Robertson (ed.) (1892) St. …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ursacius of Singidunum
  topic: keywords
subject: Valens of Mursa
  topic: keywords
subject: Palladius of Ratiaria
  topic: keywords
subject: Auxentius of Durostorum
  topic: keywords
subject: Maximinus of Durostorum
  topic: keywords
subject: Araianism
  topic: keywords
subject: Balkans
  topic: keywords
creator: Zlatomira Gerdzhikova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
starting page: 66
ending page: 73